Edward Etzel

I recall preparing over two Olympic quadrennials to get ready for the 1980 and 1984 Olympic Games.

I trained as a shooter for the boycotted Moscow Games (a team I did not make) and the Los Angeles Games (which I did make and later medalled in). It was not a financially comfortable time in my life.

I supported myself with a mix of funding from the G.I. Bill, a graduate assistantship teaching physical education classes, and work as a shooting coach. I also served part-time as a member of the U.S. Army Reserves. All told, from working three jobs, I earned $500 a month (around $1,500 today), plus the cost of tuition.

Recently, while sitting in traffic, I noticed a weathered bumper sticker with a little acoustic guitar on it that said, “Real musicians have day jobs.”

In that way, "real" musicians and Olympians seem to have a lot in common. They have ambition and enthusiasm for their craft. But like musicians, the talented young athletes of the Olympic Games still have to pay the bills. How do they support themselves and their families while diligently training, often for several hours a day, over the course of years?

Many might think that since athletes are at the pinnacles of their sports, they’re all able to live comfortably.

We assume that athletes are raking in the dough, either from endorsements or professional competitions. After all, Olympic swimmer Michael Phelps’ estimated net worth is about $55,000,000.

But most who do make it to Pyeongchang receive very little funding — and most don’t make a lot of money off their sport outside of the Olympics, either. For example, two-time Olympic javelin thrower Cyrus Hostetler recently told The Washington Post that the most he’s ever earned in a year is $3,000.

Sure, many athletes become celebrities and end up making their living from corporate endorsements or their likenesses plastered all over boxes of Wheaties. Snowboarder Shaun White and skier Lindsey Vonn compete in the Olympic Games and then return to a life of material comfort. But these folks are few and far between.

The average U.S. Olympian simply does not live in the highest level of the financial stratosphere.

According to the Track and Field Athletic Association, there’s a “steep pyramid of income opportunities” for track and field athletes, with only a “select few” able to earn a very good living. 50% of track athletes who rank in the top 10 in the U.S. in their event earn less than $15,000 annually from the sport.

Unlike many other countries, the United States federal government doesn’t fund Olympic programs, though some athletes get special funding from their national governing bodies. For example, USA Swimming reportedly provides approximately $3,000 to national team members of its top 16 ranked athletes.

But other aspiring athletes are actually unemployed and need to be supported by their families — and some families have even gone bankrupt trying to support their son’s or daughter’s Olympic dreams. Leading up to the 2012 Games in London, U.S. News reported that gymnast Gabby Douglas’ mother had filed for bankruptcy, in part due to “the high cost of her daughter’s training, which involved living away from home for two years.”

In reality, current Olympians and countless hopefuls hold down real jobs working all shifts.

You name it, they do it: waiter, teacher, coach, construction worker, public speaker, janitor, and many other jobs. Many are undergraduate and graduate students who train at their universities. Some serve in the military. Several fortunate athletes live and train at regional Olympic training centers like those at Colorado Springs, Chula Vista, and Lake Placid.

The U.S. Olympic Committee has created athlete employment programs that offer some support and employment opportunities. For example, the Team USA Athlete Career and Education Program (ACE) exists to link aspiring athletes with organizations like Coca-Cola and Dick’s Sporting Goods, among others, that provide full- and part-time employment.

I just received a Social Security statement of earned income during the eight years that I trained as an Olympian.

It doesn’t reflect the wages of a rich man during my Olympic quest — and even with what I did make, I was probably one of the lucky ones. Many more fail in the dream to make an Olympic team than those who actually get to walk behind the flag in the opening ceremonies.

Chasing the Olympic dream can be exhausting. It’s not a straight path. Even those who achieve the physical excellence necessary may have to drop out of their chase for a medal because of finances.

So when you watch the Olympics, consider the personal stories of the 2016 U.S. Olympians who might be making less than $12,000 a year. I can tell you from personal experience it’s not easy.

But I can also tell you it can be quite rewarding.

This piece was originally published by The Conversation and is reprinted here with permission.